What Do Percentages Mean in Pepper Sprays?

If you were to look through a self-defenseJalapeno pepper, it is 10% of the 2500-8000
catalog or website for a pepper spray that wouldSHU's of a Jalapeno pepper. But if it is a 10%
be right for you, you would be bombarded byconcentration of a Habanero hot pepper, the heat
several brands, spray types, sizes, andunits for that are 100,000 to 350,000 so obviously
percentages. What is meant by 1% or 10%? Is itthe latter would be the more potent. Also, it is
better to have a higher percentage pepperthen obvious that a 1% concentration of a
concentration? Not necessarily.Habanero hot pepper would be more potent than
There are 3 factors involved in the effectivenessa 10 % concentration of a Jalapeno pepper spray.
of a pepper defense spray:Pure Oleoresin Capsicum has a heat rating of
1. The heat rating of the Oleoresin Capsicum,about 15 million. In spray formulations, OC from
which is the natural chemical used in civilianthe peppers is processed until it achieves a heat
self-defense sprays, derived from various hotrating of approximately 2 million SHU's. Normally,
pepper plants.then, if a pepper spray is rated as 10%, it is a
2. The type of carrier agent, such as alcohol,derivative of 2 million Scoville Heat Units, which is
ketone or other solvents and oils that hold andpowerful enough to disable an attacker by causing
disperse the OC from its canister.pain, swelling the eyes shut and making breathing
3. The spray density. The smaller the droplet size,very difficult.
the more effective the spray is because it will beThe strongest pepper spray available to citizens is
inhaled quicker and more completely.the 18% Wildfire, which is an 18% pepper
I will only focus on the heat rating in this article.concentration derived from 3 million SHU's and is
What exactly does it mean when the picture saysextremely effective in immediately permeating
Wildfire 18% Pepper Spray is hot, hot, hot?the pores of the skin, closing the eyes, and
The heat rating of pepper sprays is measured ininhibiting the breathing of the assailant.
Scoville Heat Units, or SHU's. There are manyPercentages of OC in pepper sprays is important,
different types of peppers from the mild bellbut it is only one factor in considering which
peppers to the extremely hot habaneros. Thedefense spray to purchase. Other factors to
way these are measured to produce the SHU ofconsider include size, how many sprays per
each pepper is by taking an alcohol extract of thecanister, whether to buy a stream, fog, or cone
oil from a pepper and diluting it in a sugar/watershaped spray pattern and whether or not you
solution until the heat is undetectable.want it to be discreet, disguised as a lipstick
Bell peppers have a rating of zero because evenholder or even a finger ring.
undiluted they are not hot. However, hot chilisSo, do a little research and find the right pepper
such as habaneros have to be diluted up tospray for you. Don't take too long, though. You
200,000 times before the heat is undetectable, sonever know when you might need it out there on
they have a rating of 200,000.the mean streets of your city, although hopefully
So when a defense spray says it has ayou'll never need it. Do check into the laws
percentage of 10%, you would need to ask "10%regarding pepper sprays in your city and state
of what?". If it is a 10% concentration of abefore purchasing any.